Turks and Caicos Islands

389 km

include eight large islands and numerous smaller cays, islets, and reefs; only two of the Caicos Islands and six of the Turks group are inhabited

0 sq km (2022)

total: 0 km

two island groups in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of The Bahamas, north of Haiti; note - although the Turks and Caicos Islands do not border the Caribbean Sea, geopolitically they are often designated as being Caribbean

Central America and the Caribbean

territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm

frequent hurricanes

low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps

0.4% (2020 est.)

59.3% (2020 est.)

total dependency ratio: 36.7 (2025 est.) youth dependency ratio: 27.5 (2025 est.) elderly dependency ratio: 9.2 (2025 est.) potential support ratio: 10.8 (2025 est.)

0.83 (2025 est.)

total: 10.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.) male: 13.9 deaths/1,000 live births female: 8.1 deaths/1,000 live births

total population: 81.3 years (2024 est.) male: 78.5 years female: 84.1 years

5,000 GRAND TURK (capital) (2018)

total: 36.6 years (2025 est.) male: 36.5 years female: 36.1 years

noun: none adjective: none

8.13 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)

destination and transit point for illegal Haitian immigrants bound for the Bahamas and the US

eight of the thirty islands are inhabited; the island of Providenciales is the most populated, but the most densely populated is Grand Turk

breakdown

{"male":{"value":30911,"unit":"people","formatted":"30,911","name":"Male Population"},"female":{"value":30593,"unit":"people","formatted":"30,593","name":"Female Population"}}

meta

{"year":2025}

total: 14 years (2023 est.) male: 15 years (2023 est.) female: 14 years (2023 est.)

at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.94 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

1.7 children born/woman (2025 est.)

447,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from petroleum and other liquids: 447,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry

limited natural freshwater resources

agricultural land: 1.1% (2023 est.) arable land: 1.1% (2023 est.) permanent crops: 0% (2022 est.) permanent pasture: 0% (2022 est.) forest: 11.1% (2023 est.) other: 87.9% (2023 est.)

urban population: 94.2% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 1.46% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

name

Grand Turk

geo

{"lat":21.4667,"lng":-71.1333}

timezone

{"difference":"UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC, during Standard Time)","note":null,"dst":"+1hr, begins second Sunday in March; ends first Sunday in November"}

meta

{}

see United Kingdom

history: several previous; latest signed 7 August 2012, effective 15 October 2012 (The Turks and Caicos Constitution Order 2011)

conventional long form: none conventional short form: Turks and Caicos Islands abbreviation: TCA etymology: the Turks Islands are named after the Turk's cap cactus, which is native to the islands and appears on the flag and coat of arms; the name Caicos may derive from caya hico, a phrase meaning “string of islands” in the Lucayan (Arawak) language, or from the Spanish word cayo, meaning "rock"

overseas territory of the UK

chief of state: King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor Dileeni Daniel-SELVARATNAM (since 29 June 2023) head of government: Premier Washington MISICK (since 19 February 2021) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor from among members of the House of Assembly election/appointment process: the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the governor appoints the leader of the majority party as the premier

description: blue with the UK flag in the upper-left quadrant and the colonial shield centered on the right half of the flag; the shield is yellow and displays a conch shell, a spiny lobster, and Turk's cap cactus

parliamentary democracy

highest court(s): Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and other judges, as determined by the governor); Court of Appeal (consists of the court president and 2 justices) judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court and Appeals Court judges appointed by the governor in accordance with the Judicial Service Commission, a 3-member body of high-level judicial officials; Supreme Court judges serve until mandatory retirement at age 65, but terms can be extended to age 70; Appeals Court judge tenure determined by individual terms of appointment subordinate courts: magistrates' courts note: appeals beyond the Supreme Court are referred to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London)

mixed system of English common law and civil law

legislature name: House of Assembly legislative structure: unicameral number of seats: 21 (directly elected or appointed) electoral system: mixed scope of elections: full renewal term in office: 4 years most recent election date: 2/07/2025 parties elected and seats per party: PNP (16); PDM (2); independents (1) percentage of women in chamber: 27.3% expected date of next election: 2029

title: "This Land of Ours" lyrics/music: Conrad HOWELL history: serves as a local anthem _____ title: "God Save the King" lyrics/music: unknown history: official anthem, as a UK overseas territory

conch shell, Turk's cap cactus

People's Democratic Movement or PDM Progressive National Party or PNP

18 years of age; universal

revenues: $247.3 million (2017 est.) expenditures: $224.3 million (2017 est.)

$172.709 million (2018 est.) $35.016 million (2017 est.) $247.081 million (2016 est.) note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars

British Caribbean island territorial economy; GDP and its tourism industry hit hard by COVID-19 disruptions; major biodiversity locale; US dollar user; fossil fuel dependent; negative trade balance; increasing unemployment

the US dollar is used

9% (2024 est.) note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency

8.5% (2022 est.) 5% (2021 est.) 2.3% (2020 est.) note: annual % change based on consumer prices

5.6% (2024 est.) 13.7% (2023 est.) 14.1% (2022 est.) note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency

$1.554 billion (2024 est.) $1.471 billion (2023 est.) $1.293 billion (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars

0% of GDP (2023 est.) 0% of GDP (2022 est.) 0% of GDP (2021 est.) note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities

electrification - total population: 99.9% (2022 est.) electrification - urban areas: 100% electrification - rural areas: 100%

installed generating capacity: 94,000 kW (2023 est.) consumption: 252.088 million kWh (2023 est.) transmission/distribution losses: 12.912 million kWh (2023 est.)

refined petroleum consumption: 3,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)

no local terrestrial TV stations; broadcasts from the Bahamas, multi-channel cable, and satellite TV available; state-run radio network operates alongside private broadcasters, with a total of about 15 stations

.tc

percent of population: 93.5% (2022)

total subscriptions: 25,100 (2004 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 110 (2004 est.)

9 (2025)

VQ-T

total: 3 (2023) by type: general cargo 1, other 2

total ports: 3 (2024) large: 0 medium: 0 small: 0 very small: 2 size unknown: 1 ports with oil terminals: 1 key ports: Cockburn Harbor, Grand Turk, Providenciales

defense is the responsibility of the UK