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Grenada

Central America and Caribbean • Countries
Grenada - Panoramic Places of Interest Atlas including Fort George, River Antoine Rum Distillery, Fort Frederick, Grenada National Museum, Belmont Estate, Gouyave Nutmeg Processing Station, Dougaldston Spice Estate, Carriacou Museum, Sendall Tunnel, Molinere Underwater Sculpture Park, Grand Etang National Park & Forest Reserve, Levera National Park, Mount St. Catherine, House of Chocolate, Grand Anse Beach, Annandale Falls

Top Sights & Landmarks

01

Fort George

Historic Colonial Fortress

02

River Antoine Rum Distillery

18th-Century Rum Distillery

03

Fort Frederick

The Backward-Facing Fort

04

Grenada National Museum

Chronicles of Spice Island

05

Belmont Estate

Historic Plantation & Chocolate

06

Gouyave Nutmeg Processing Station

Heart of the Spice Trade

07

Dougaldston Spice Estate

Rustic Spice Heritage

08

Carriacou Museum

Amerindian & Colonial Artifacts

09

Sendall Tunnel

19th-Century Engineering Marvel

10

Molinere Underwater Sculpture Park

Submerged Art Gallery

11

Grand Etang National Park & Forest Reserve

Crater Lake & Rainforest

12

Levera National Park

Coastal Habitat & Turtle Nesting

13

Mount St. Catherine

Highest Volcanic Peak

14

House of Chocolate

Cocoa Museum & Cafe

15

Grand Anse Beach

World-Renowned Shoreline

16

Annandale Falls

Accessible Tropical Cascade

The Spice of the Caribbean: Grenada's Verdant Soul

To set foot upon Grenada is to step into a sensory landscape where the air is thick with the scent of nutmeg and the volcanic soil beneath your boots tells a story of tectonic upheaval and agricultural mastery. Known globally as the Spice Isle, this nation is more than a mere destination in the West Indies. It is a harmonious intersection of jagged, cloud-crowned peaks, bioluminescent bays, and a social fabric woven from resilient and vibrant threads. Grenada does not merely occupy space in the Caribbean Sea; it commands an aura of timeless, organic elegance that separates it from the flat, coral-based atolls typical of the region.

The geography of Grenada is fundamentally volcanic, a gift of deep-earth geothermal activity that pushed lush, mountainous terrain into the blue expanse of the Atlantic. From the high-altitude forests of the interior, where the mysterious Grand Etang Lake rests in an extinct crater, to the pristine white sands of Grand Anse, the country is an intricate study of contrast. This topography has dictated the lifestyle of the Grenadian people for generations, encouraging an intimate relationship with the land that sustains both the export market and the domestic kitchen. Whether you are seeking a scholarly look at the evolution of this society or simply wanting to explore the comprehensive history of Grenada, the story remains one of profound transformation.

A Chronology Written in Soil and Sea

The narrative of Grenada is etched into the very layers of its terrain. To understand why the island remains such a distinct cultural entity, one must appreciate the passage of time and the interplay between colonial ambition and the indigenous preservation of culture. The past is not a distant relic here but a living component of the modern experience. We invite students and curious travelers alike to challenge their perception of regional milestones by engaging with our interactive history puzzle. Arranging the major events of this nation's past provides not just knowledge, but an appreciation for the sequence of circumstances that fostered the identity of this proud Caribbean state.

Beyond the classroom, the history of this island can be visceral and emotive. Many have found that traditional text only scratches the surface of the struggles and triumphs that defined the path to independence. By immersing yourself in our history cinematic showcase, you can experience a visual synthesis of key events, allowing the legacy of the Spice Isle to unfold through illustrations and narrative summaries that bring a deeper sense of reality to the textbooks.

The Architecture of the Landscape

Grenada operates as a sanctuary for those who look closely at the world. The mountains serve as water towers for the lush vegetation that defines the agricultural sector, while the surrounding reefs are corridors for a diverse array of marine life. This is a landscape meant for exploration, not just observation. If your journey leads you toward the breathtaking hidden waterfalls of Concord or the underwater sculptural parks that bridge the gap between art and nature, you are merely scratching the surface of a wealth of natural wonders.

We encourage all visitors to broaden their horizons through our POI cinematic showcase. This visual guide serves as a digital map for the soul of the country, highlighting the aesthetic brilliance and the functional importance of the landmarks that have come to represent Grenada. It is an essential resource for teachers designing curriculum modules and for travelers hoping to understand the cultural landmarks before they arrive.

Cultivating Identity in a Modern World

What truly sets Grenada apart is its capacity for self-reinvention without abandoning the traditional practices that have earned it its title as the world center of the nutmeg trade. The economy is a balanced ecosystem, relying on a sophisticated blend of high-end tourism and boutique agriculture. The Grenadian people, known for their warmth and rhythmic communication, navigate a globalized reality while keeping the heritage of the small island community at the center of their national consciousness.

As you progress through the subsequent sections of this atlas, including our analysis of the political landscape, economic indicators, and ecological status, remember that statistics are simply numbers. They act as a foundation for a culture that places community, environment, and history at the forefront of development. Grenada continues to teach the world that being a small nation does not equate to having a small impact. With a steady gaze toward the future, the Spice Isle maintains its integrity, beckoning the student, the scientist, and the explorer to understand its nuances and respect its enduring spirit.

Whether you are researching the government's current environmental protections or investigating the energy infrastructure of this lush mountainous country, remember that GeoGnos is your primary companion. Every page of our portal is designed to provide you with the resources necessary to contextualize Grenada within the wider history of the Antilles and the broader scope of global geography.

Location

Latitude
12.1167° N
Longitude
-61.6667° E
N S W E
World Map Location
Geographic Location

Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and Atlantic Ocean, north of Trinidad and Tobago

Map Reference
Central America and the Caribbean

Area

Total Area
344 sq km
Land (100%)
Land: 344 sq km
Water: 0 sq km

Elevation

Highest Point
Mount Saint Catherine
Mount Saint Catherine 840 m
Lowest Point
Caribbean Sea
Caribbean Sea 0 m

Detailed Geography Information

Coastline

121 km

Irrigated land

20 sq km (2012)

Land boundaries

total: 0 km

Maritime claims

territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm

Natural hazards

lies on edge of hurricane belt; hurricane season lasts from June to November volcanism: Mount Saint Catherine (840 m) is on the island of Grenada; Kick 'em Jenny, an active submarine volcano (seamount) on the Caribbean Sea floor, lies about 8 km (5 mi) north of Grenada; these two volcanoes are at the southern end of the volcanic island arc of the Lesser Antilles that extends to the Dutch dependency of Saba in the north

Natural resources

timbertropical fruit

Terrain

volcanic in origin with central mountains

Population & Growth

+0.20% Growth
114,915
Total inhabitants (2025 est.)
Male: 50.7% (58,317) Female: 49.3% (56,598)

Age Distribution

0-14 years
21.9%
~25,166
15-64 years
65.3%
~75,039
65 years
12.8%
~14,709
Note: 2024 est.

Demographic Longevity

Median Age
35.9 years
Male
35.2 yrs
Female
35.7 yrs
Life Expectancy
76.3 years
Male
73.7 yrs
Female
79.1 yrs

Vital Dynamics

Birth Rate
13
births per 1,000 people
Death Rate
8.41
deaths per 1,000 people
Net Migration
-2.16
migrants per 1,000 people
Fertility Rate
1.89
children born per woman

Detailed People & Society Information

Alcohol consumption per capita

8.62 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Dependency ratios

total dependency ratio: 53.6 (2025 est.) youth dependency ratio: 33.1 (2025 est.) elderly dependency ratio: 20.5 (2025 est.) potential support ratio: 4.9 (2025 est.)

Education expenditure

5.1%

5.1% of GDP (2023 est.) 11.4% national budget (2025 est.)

Ethnic groups

African descent
82.4%
mixed
13.3%
East Indian
2.2%
other
1.3%
unspecified
0.9%

Gross reproduction rate

0.9 (2025 est.)

Health expenditure

5.7%

5.7% of GDP (2021) 6.3% of national budget (2022 est.)

Hospital bed density

3.2 beds/1,000 population (2018 est.)

Infant mortality rate

total: 8.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.) male: 8.6 deaths/1,000 live births female: 9.5 deaths/1,000 live births

Languages

Major urban areas - population

39,000 SAINT GEORGE'S (capital) (2018)

Maternal mortality ratio

48 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)

Nationality

noun: Grenadian(s) adjective: Grenadian

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

21.3% (2016)

Physician density

1.38 physicians/1,000 population (2018)

Population distribution

approximately one third of the population is found in the capital of St. George's; the island's population is concentrated along the coast

Refugees and internally displaced persons

Total Displaced & Vulnerable Persons
383 individuals
Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs)
100.0%
383
383 (2024 est.)

Religions

Protestant (includes Pentecostal
49.2%
Seventh Day Adventist
13.2%
Anglican
8.5%
Baptist
3.2%
Church of God
2.4%
Evangelical
1.9%
Methodist
1.6%
other
1.2%
Roman Catholic
36%
Jehovah's Witness
1.2%
Rastafarian
1.2%
other
5.5%
none
5.7%
unspecified
1.3%

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

total: 18 years (2018 est.) male: 17 years (2018 est.) female: 18 years (2018 est.)

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.1 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.09 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.9 male(s)/female total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

Climate & Issues

Climate Profile

tropical; tempered by northeast trade winds

Key Environmental Issues
deforestation causing habitat and species loss coastal erosion and contamination pollution and sedimentation inadequate solid waste management

Land Cover

Coverage Distribution
Agri (24%)
Forest (52%)
Other (24%)
Arable: 8.8%
Crops: 11.8%
Pasture: 2.9%
Forest: 52.1%

Air & Carbon Emissions

Annual CO2 Output 2023 est.
348,000
Coal (0%) Oil (100%) Gas (0%)
PM2.5 Exposure 10.2 µg/m³
0 5 (WHO Limit) 15 25 35+

Water Resources & Use

Renewable Water Resources 200 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
Annual Water Withdrawal
municipal: 12 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
Municipal (85%) Ind (0%) Agri (15%)

Detailed Environmental Information

International environmental agreements

BiodiversityClimate ChangeClimate Change-Kyoto ProtocolClimate Change-Paris AgreementComprehensive Nuclear Test BanDesertificationEndangered SpeciesLaw of the SeaOzone Layer ProtectionShip PollutionWetlandsWhaling

Urbanization

urban population: 37.1% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 0.86% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Waste and recycling

municipal solid waste generated annually: 29,500 tons (2024 est.) percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 15.1% (2022 est.)

Capital & State Profile

Capital City
Saint George's
12.05° N, -61.75° E
Timezone UTC-4
Government Type
parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarchy; a Commonwealth realm
Independence 1974-02-07
National Holiday 02-07

Executive Branch

Chief of State
King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor General Cecile LA GRENADE
Head of Government
Prime Minister Dickon MITCHELL (since 24 June 2022)
Cabinet Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister

Legislative Branch

bicameral
Legislature Name Parliament
Lower Chamber House of Representatives
Seats 15 (all directly elected)
Term 5 years
% Women 31.3%
Parties Composition
National Democratic Congress (NDC) 9New National Party (NNP) 6
Upper Chamber Senate
Seats 13 (all appointed)
Term 5 years
% Women 30.8%

National Identity & Symbols

National Flag Description

a rectangle divided diagonally into yellow triangles (top and bottom) and green triangles (left and right), with a wide red border around the flag; three five-pointed yellow stars are centered on the top and bottom of the red border, with one larger yellow star on a red disk at the center of the flag; a small yellow-and-red nutmeg pod is on the left triangle

Symbolic Meaning the seven stars stand for the country's administrative divisions, with the central star symbolizing the capital, St. George's; yellow stands for the sun and the warmth of the people, green for vegetation and agriculture, and red for harmony, unity, and courage
National Symbol Grenada dove, bougainvillea flower
National Colors red, yellow, green
National Anthem Hail Grenada

Detailed Government Information

Administrative divisions

6 parishes and 1 dependency*; Carriacou and Petite Martinique*, Saint Andrew, Saint David, Saint George, Saint John, Saint Mark, Saint Patrick

Citizenship

citizenship by birth: yes citizenship by descent only: yes dual citizenship recognized: yes residency requirement for naturalization: 7 years for persons from a non-Caribbean state and 4 years for a person from a Caribbean state

Constitution

history: previous 1967; latest presented 19 December 1973, effective 7 February 1974, suspended 1979 following a revolution but restored in 1983 amendment process: proposed by either house of Parliament; passage requires two-thirds majority vote by the membership in both houses and assent of the governor general; passage of amendments to constitutional sections, such as personal rights and freedoms, the structure, authorities, and procedures of the branches of government, the delimitation of electoral constituencies, or the procedure for amending the constitution, also requires two-thirds majority approval in a referendum

Country name

conventional long form: none conventional short form: Grenada etymology: origin of the name remains obscure; some sources attribute the designation to Spanish influence (most likely named for the Spanish city of Granada); in Spanish granada means "pomegranate"

International law organization participation

has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

International organization participation

Judicial branch

highest court(s): regionally, the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (ECSC) is the superior court of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States; the ECSC is headquartered on St. Lucia and consists of the Court of Appeal -- headed by the chief justice and 4 judges -- and the High Court with 18 judges; the Court of Appeal travels to member states on a schedule to hear appeals from the High Court and subordinate courts judge selection and term of office: chief justice of Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court appointed by the British monarch; other justices and judges appointed by the Judicial and Legal Services Commission, and independent body of judicial officials; Court of Appeal justices appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 65; High Court judges appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 62 subordinate courts: magistrates' courts; Court of Magisterial Appeals note: appeals beyond the ECSC in civil and criminal matters are heard by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London)

Legal system

common law based on English model

Political parties

National Democratic Congress or NDC New National Party or NNP

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Economic Overview

small OECS service-based economy; large tourism, construction, transportation, and education sectors; major spice exporter; shrinking but still high public debt; vulnerable to hurricanes; emerging blue economy incentives

Size & Performance

Real GDP (PPP)
$2.08 billion
Latest available estimate (2024)
2023: $2.005 billion2022: $1.916 billion
Real GDP Growth
3.7% (2024 est.)
+3.7%
GDP Per Capita (PPP)
$17,700
2023: $17,1002022: $16,400

GDP Sector Breakdown

Agriculture: 2.7%Industry: 14.8%Services: 65.2%
Origin GDP %
Agriculture 2.7%
Industry 14.8%
Services 65.2%

Trade Balance

Trade Position
Trade Deficit
$131.64 million
Total Exports
$858.949 million (2024 est.)
Total Imports
$990.587 million (2024 est.)
Exports (46%) Imports (54%)

Budget Balance

Budget Position
Budget Surplus
+$65.93 million
Revenues
$288.404 million (2017 est.)
Expenditures
$222.475 million (2017 est.)
Revenues (56%) Expenditures (44%)

Export Profile

Top Export Partners

24.0%
St. Vincent & the Grenadines
8.0%
Note: 2023; top five export partners based on percentage share of exports

Major Export Commodities

nutmeg/cardamonsfishwheat floursfrozen fruits and nutsaqueous paints

Import Profile

Top Import Partners

Note: 2023; top five import partners based on percentage share of imports

Major Import Commodities

refined petroleumcarspoultryshipsplastic products

Labor & Employment

Population Below Poverty Line 25% (2018 est.)

Income Inequality

Gini Coefficient (Family Income) 43.8
0 (Perfect Equality) High Inequality 100 (Perfect Inequality)

Family Income / Consumption Share

Lowest 10%: 2.1% (2018 est.) Highest 10%: 33.7% (2018 est.)
Inequality Gap: Top 10% holds 16.0x the share of the bottom 10%.

Detailed Economic Data

Agricultural products

sugarcanecoconutseggsvegetablesfruitsbananasplantainsgrapefruitsavocadosmangoes

Current account balance

-$270.771 million (2024 est.) -$243.473 million (2023 est.) -$148.445 million (2022 est.) note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars

Debt - external

$501.371 million (2023 est.) note: present value of external debt in current US dollars

Exchange rates

East Caribbean dollars (XCD) per US dollar - Exchange rates: 2.7 (2024 est.) 2.7 (2023 est.) 2.7 (2022 est.) 2.7 (2021 est.) 2.7 (2020 est.)

Industrial production growth rate

2.9% (2024 est.) note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency

Industries

food and beveragestextileslight assembly operationstourismconstructioneducationcall-center operations

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

1.1% (2024 est.) 2.7% (2023 est.) 2.6% (2022 est.) note: annual % change based on consumer prices

Remittances

5% of GDP (2024 est.) 5.3% of GDP (2023 est.) 5.1% of GDP (2022 est.) note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

$423.263 million (2024 est.) $404.13 million (2023 est.) $371.767 million (2022 est.) note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars

Grid Infrastructure

Electricity Access 94.2%
Capacity 60,000 kW (2023 est.)
Consumption 221.453 million kWh (2023 est.)
Grid Losses: 18 million kWh (2023 est.)

Generation Mix

Percentage Share of Production
fossil fuels 98.2%
solar 1.7%
wind 0.1%

Fossil Fuels Production

Petroleum
Consumption 2,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
Coal
Imports 1 metric tons (2023 est.)

Intensity & Nuclear

Energy Consumption Per Capita 41.703 million Btu/person (2023 est.)
No nuclear energy infrastructure or reactor operations reported in this country dossier.

Digital Access

.gd
Internet Usage 74%

Active internet users as a percentage of the total population.

Fixed Broadband

Penetration Rate 30 / 100
Total Subscriptions 35,000 (2022 est.)

Mobile Cellular

Penetration Rate 96 / 100
Total Subscriptions 112,000 (2022 est.)

Broadcast Media

multiple publicly and privately owned TV and radio stations; state-owned Grenada Information Service (GIS) provides TV and radio; the Grenada Broadcasting Network, jointly owned by the government and the Caribbean Communications Network of Trinidad and Tobago, operates a TV station and 2 radio stations; multi-channel cable TV subscription service is provided by Columbus Communications Grenada (FLOW GRENADA); approximately 25 private radio stations (2019)

Aviation

J3
Airports
2
As of 2025

Ports & Harbors

Ports Count 1
Hover for breakdown & key ports As of 2024

Merchant Marine

Commercial Fleet
6 ships
Hover for vessel types breakdown As of 2023

Service & Defense Details

Military and security forces

no regular military forces; the Royal Grenada Police Force (under the Ministry of National Security) includes a Coast Guard and a paramilitary Special Services Unit (2025)

Military - note

Grenada joined the Caribbean Regional Security System (RSS) in 1985; RSS signatories (Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Dominica, Guyana, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines) agreed to prepare contingency plans and assist one another, on request, in national emergencies, prevention of smuggling, search and rescue, immigration control, fishery protection, customs and excise control, maritime policing duties, protection of off-shore installations, pollution control, national and other disasters, and threats to national security (2025)