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Cameroon

Africa ‱ Countries
Cameroon - Panoramic Places of Interest Atlas including Bimbia Slave Port, Foumban Royal Palace and Museum, Bafut Palace, Monument de la Réunification, La Pagode (Palace of the Kings Bell), National Museum of Yaoundé, Bandjoun Chefferie, Dja Faunal Reserve, Sangha Trinational, Limbe Botanic Garden, Mount Cameroon, Rhumsiki Peak and the Mandara Mountains, Blackitude Museum, Lobé Waterfalls, Waza National Park, Korup National Park

Top Sights & Landmarks

01

Bimbia Slave Port

Forgotten Gateway of the Transatlantic Trade

02

Foumban Royal Palace and Museum

Seat of the Bamoun Dynasty

03

Bafut Palace

Historic Tikar Chiefdom Compound

04

Monument de la Réunification

Symbol of a Unified Cameroon

05

La Pagode (Palace of the Kings Bell)

Colonial-Era Douala Icon

06

National Museum of Yaoundé

Custodian of Cameroonian Heritage

07

Bandjoun Chefferie

Masterpiece of Bamiléké Architecture

08

Dja Faunal Reserve

Pristine African Rainforest

09

Sangha Trinational

Cross-Border Conservation Jewel

10

Limbe Botanic Garden

Historic Coastal Flora Haven

11

Mount Cameroon

Chariot of the Gods

12

Rhumsiki Peak and the Mandara Mountains

Dramatic Lunar Landscapes

13

Blackitude Museum

Preservation of the Grassfields Legacy

14

Lobé Waterfalls

Where the River Kisses the Sea

15

Waza National Park

Savanna Wildlife Biosphere

16

Korup National Park

Africa's Oldest Rainforest

Africa in Miniature: Unveiling the Soul of Cameroon

To travel through Cameroon is to undertake a journey across the entire continent of Africa without ever crossing a border. Known to geographers and explorers alike as "Africa in Miniature," this nation possesses a rare and breathtaking convergence of ecosystems, cultures, and topographies. From the sun-drenched savannahs of the north to the mist-shrouded peaks of the central highlands and the sultry, tide-swept mangroves of the Atlantic coast, Cameroon serves as a bridge between West and Central Africa. It is a place where the Atlantic Ocean whispers against volcanic sand, and where the rhythmic heart of the continent pulses with the diversity of over two hundred distinct ethnic groups.

Understanding the layers of this landscape requires a look backward. When we explore the history of Cameroon, we encounter a chronicle of colonial ambition, rich ancestral traditions, and the resilient evolution of a modern nation-state. Its past is not merely a collection of dates, but a living dialogue between the ancient kingdoms of the north and the complex colonial legacies that left an indelible mark on the country's dual linguistic identity of French and English.

A Geological and Cultural Crossroads

What defines the Cameroonian spirit is its inherent dynamism. The landscape rises sharply from the Bight of Biafra at the base of Mount Cameroon, an active stratovolcano that stands as the highest point in Western and Central Africa. This mountain is not only a sentinel over the coast but a symbol of the country's untamable natural beauty. Traveling inland, the terrain softens into the rolling grasslands of the Bamenda Highlands, known for their cooler temperatures and intricate chiefdoms that have maintained royal traditions for centuries. Further north, the landscape transforms again, yielding to the harsh but majestic beauty of the Waza National Park, where the horizon stretches flat and wide, echoing the geography of the Sahel.

For those looking to engage with this past in a more tactile way, we encourage you to challenge your knowledge. You can test your expertise with our interactive history puzzle, where arranging key turning points in chronological order allows you to track the growth of this nation and earn recognition for your dedication to learning. The story of Cameroon is a layered one, and understanding its sequence is essential to appreciating its present-day harmony.

The Living Mosaic of Human Geography

The true essence of Cameroon resides in its people. In the markets of Douala, the nation's economic powerhouse, one hears a symphony of languages, from Bantu dialects to the distinct pidgins that have evolved to bridge linguistic divides. In the north, the architecture of the Hausa and Fulani cultures reveals mud-brick craftsmanship designed to withstand the heat, while in the southern forests, the deep connection to the land practiced by various forest-dwelling communities highlights a centuries-old environmental stewardship.

Visual learners will find much to admire as they delve into the aesthetics of this landscape. We invite you to immerse yourself in our history cinematic showcase, which presents the most significant chapters of Cameroon's national evolution through high-quality illustrations and narrated context. These snapshots offer a profound glimpse into the milestones that shaped the borders and the culture we see today, bridging the gap between historical fact and narrative wonder.

A Gateway to Biodiversity and Beauty

Beyond the cities and the historical archives, Cameroon offers a natural bounty that remains one of the world's best-kept secrets for eco-travelers. The Lobéké National Park is part of the legendary Congo Basin, the second-largest rainforest on the planet, sheltering elusive western lowland gorillas, forest elephants, and a mesmerizing array of avian life. The contrast between these lush, humid jungles and the arid plateaus of the north demonstrates the extreme range of habitats packed into one sovereign territory.

Whether you are a scholar researching regional dynamics, a teacher developing a curriculum on West Africa, or a traveler sketching out an itinerary, there are visual treasures waiting to be discovered across the country. You can discover the beauty of Cameroon through our curated POI cinematic showcase, which takes you on a tour of the country's most essential locations. From the colonial-era architecture of Buea to the bustling port activities of Kribi, this collection of imagery captures the visual soul of a nation that refuses to be categorized by a single climate or a single aesthetic.

Building Knowledge at GeoGnos

As we delve deeper into the specifics of the Cameroonian experience, keep in mind that this land serves as a perfect case study for the interplay between geography and sociology. Its strategic position in the Gulf of Guinea has made it a crucial maritime hub, while its varied elevation provides the agriculture necessary to support its growing, youthful population. As a hub of education, we aim to provide you with the resources to look past the surface and engage with the structural, environmental, and human elements that make Cameroon an anchor of stability and cultural complexity in Central Africa.

Through this comprehensive overview, we hope to provide both the inspiration and the data necessary to foster a deeper connection to this remarkable nation. As you progress through our atlas, consider how the mountains dictate migration patterns, how the climate influences the local trade, and how the rich tapestry of tradition continues to thrive amidst the pressures of a globalized world. Cameroon is more than just a destination on a map. It is a living, breathing testament to the vitality of the African continent.

Location

Latitude
6° N
Longitude
12° E
N S W E
World Map Location
Geographic Location

Central Africa, bordering the Bight of Biafra, between Equatorial Guinea and Nigeria

Map Reference
Africa

Area

Total Area
475,440 sq km
Land (99%)
Land: 472,710 sq km
Water: 2,730 sq km

Elevation

Highest Point
Fako on Mont Cameroun
Fako on Mont Cameroun 4,045 m
Lowest Point
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
Mean Elevation
667 m

Detailed Geography Information

Coastline

402 km

Geography - note

sometimes referred to as the hinge of Africa because of its central location on the continent and its position at the west-south juncture of the Gulf of Guinea; areas of thermal springs and indications of current or prior volcanic activity; Mount Cameroon, the highest mountain in Sub-Saharan west Africa, is an active volcano

Irrigated land

290 sq km (2012)

Land boundaries

Total boundary: 5,018 km

Major aquifers

Lake Chad Basin

Major lakes (area sq km)

fresh water lake(s): Lake Chad (endorheic lake shared with Niger, Nigeria, and Chad) - 10,360-25,900 sq km note - area varies by season and year to year

Major watersheds (area sq km)

Atlantic Ocean drainage: Congo (3,730,881 sq km), Niger (2,261,741 sq km) Internal (endorheic basin) drainage: Lake Chad (2,497,738 sq km)

Maritime claims

territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm

Natural hazards

volcanic activity with periodic releases of poisonous gases from Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun volcanoes volcanism: Mt. Cameroon (4,095 m), which last erupted in 2000, is the most frequently active volcano in West Africa; lakes in the Oku volcanic field sometimes release fatal levels of gas, which killed about 1,700 people in 1986

Natural resources

petroleumbauxiteiron oretimberhydropower

Terrain

diverse, with coastal plain in southwest, dissected plateau in center, mountains in west, plains in north

Population & Growth

+2.40% Growth
31,518,954
Total inhabitants (2025 est.)
Male: 49.8% (15,683,611) Female: 50.2% (15,835,343)

Age Distribution

0-14 years
41.5%
~13,080,366
15-64 years
55.3%
~17,429,982
65 years
3.2%
~1,008,607
Note: 2024 est.

Demographic Longevity

Median Age
19.4 years
Male
18.6 yrs
Female
19.2 yrs
Life Expectancy
64.2 years
Male
62.3 yrs
Female
66.1 yrs

Vital Dynamics

Birth Rate
30.79
births per 1,000 people
Death Rate
6.73
deaths per 1,000 people
Net Migration
-0.32
migrants per 1,000 people
Fertility Rate
3.87
children born per woman

Detailed People & Society Information

Alcohol consumption per capita

4.09 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

11% (2018 est.)

Currently married women (ages 15-49)

58.1% (2018 est.)

Dependency ratios

total dependency ratio: 77.6 (2025 est.) youth dependency ratio: 71.8 (2025 est.) elderly dependency ratio: 5.8 (2025 est.) potential support ratio: 17.3 (2025 est.)

Education expenditure

2.8%

2.8% of GDP (2023 est.) 13.8% national budget (2024 est.)

Ethnic groups

Bamileke-Bamu
22.2%
Biu-Mandara
16.4%
Arab-Choa/Hausa/Kanuri
13.5%
Mbam
13.1%
Grassfields
9.9%
Cotier/Ngoe/Oroko
4.6%
Southwestern Bantu
4.3%
Kako/Meka
2.3%
foreign/other ethnic group
3.8%

Gross reproduction rate

1.91 (2025 est.)

Health expenditure

3.8%

3.8% of GDP (2021) 3.9% of national budget (2022 est.)

Hospital bed density

2.6 beds/1,000 population (2016 est.)

Infant mortality rate

total: 44.6 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.) male: 50.8 deaths/1,000 live births female: 41.3 deaths/1,000 live births

Languages

Literacy

total population: 72.6% (2018 est.) male: 79.7% (2018 est.) female: 66.2% (2018 est.)

Major urban areas - population

4.509 million YAOUNDE (capital), 4.063 million Douala (2023)

Maternal mortality ratio

258 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)

Mother's mean age at first birth

20.1 years (2018 est.) note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-49

Nationality

noun: Cameroonian(s) adjective: Cameroonian

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

11.4% (2016)

Physician density

0.14 physicians/1,000 population (2022)

Population distribution

population concentrated in the west and north, with the interior of the country sparsely populated, as shown in this population distribution map

Refugees and internally displaced persons

Total Displaced & Vulnerable Persons
1,502,145 individuals
Refugees
29.5%
443,740
443,740 (2024 est.)
Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs)
70.5%
1,058,405
1,058,405 (2024 est.)

Religions

Roman Catholic
33.1%
Muslim
30.6%
Protestant other Christian
27.1%
animist
1.3%
other
0.7%
none
1.2%

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

total: 11 years (2023 est.) male: 12 years (2023 est.) female: 10 years (2023 est.)

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.87 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

Tobacco use

total: 5% (2025 est.) male: 9.2% (2025 est.) female: 0.9% (2025 est.)

Climate & Issues

Climate Profile

varies with terrain, from tropical along coast to semiarid and hot in north

Key Environmental Issues
deforestation overgrazing soil erosion desertification poaching overfishing overhunting

Land Cover

Coverage Distribution
Agri (21%)
Forest (41%)
Other (38%)
Arable: 13.1%
Crops: 3.6%
Pasture: 4.2%
Forest: 41.0%

Air & Carbon Emissions

Annual CO2 Output 2023 est.
6.707 million
Coal (97%) Oil (3%) Gas (1%)
PM2.5 Exposure 62 ”g/m³
0 5 (WHO Limit) 15 25 35+
Methane Emissions
energy: 293.3 kt (2022-2024 est.)

Water Resources & Use

Renewable Water Resources 283.15 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
Annual Water Withdrawal
municipal: 246.8 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
Municipal (23%) Ind (10%) Agri (68%)

Detailed Environmental Information

International environmental agreements

BiodiversityClimate ChangeClimate Change-Kyoto ProtocolClimate Change-Paris AgreementComprehensive Nuclear Test BanDesertificationEndangered SpeciesEnvironmental ModificationHazardous WastesLaw of the SeaOzone Layer ProtectionShip PollutionTropical Timber 2006WetlandsWhaling

Urbanization

urban population: 59.3% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 3.43% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Waste and recycling

municipal solid waste generated annually: 3.271 million tons (2024 est.) percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 4.6% (2022 est.)

Capital & State Profile

Capital City
Yaounde
3.8667° N, 11.5167° E
Timezone UTC+1
Government Type
presidential republic
Independence 1960-01-01
National Holiday 05-20

Executive Branch

Chief of State
President Paul BIYA (since 6 November 1982)
Head of Government
Prime Minister Joseph NGUTE (since 4 January 2019)
Last Election 12 October 2025
Next Election October 2032
Cabinet Cabinet proposed by the prime minister, appointed by the president

Legislative Branch

bicameral
Legislature Name Parlement - Parliament
Lower Chamber National Assembly (Assemblée nationale - National Assembly)
Seats 180 (all directly elected)
Term 5 years
% Women 33.9%
Parties Composition
Cameroon People's Democratic Movement (RDPC/CPDM) 152Other 28
Upper Chamber Senate (Sénat - Senate)
Seats 100 (70 indirectly elected; 30 appointed)
Term 5 years
% Women 33%

National Identity & Symbols

National Flag Description

three equal vertical bands of green (left side), red, and yellow, with a small five-pointed yellow star centered in the red band

Symbolic Meaning red stands for unity; yellow for the sun, happiness, and the northern savannahs; green for hope and the southern forests; the star is called the "star of unity;" the vertical tricolor design is similar to the French flag
National Symbol lion
National Colors green, red, yellow
National Anthem O Cameroun, Berceau de Nos Ancêtres (O Cameroon, Cradle of Our Forefathers)

Detailed Government Information

Administrative divisions

10 regions (régions, singular - région); Adamaoua, Centre, East (Est), Far North (Extrême-Nord), Littoral, North (Nord), North-West (Nord-Ouest), West (Ouest), South (Sud), South-West (Sud-Ouest)

Citizenship

citizenship by birth: no citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Cameroon dual citizenship recognized: no residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years

Constitution

history: several previous; latest effective 18 January 1996 amendment process: proposed by the president of the republic or by Parliament; amendment drafts require approval of at least one third of the membership in either house of Parliament; passage requires absolute majority vote of the Parliament membership; passage of drafts requested by the president for a second reading in Parliament requires two-thirds majority vote of its membership; the president can opt to submit drafts to a referendum, in which case passage requires a simple majority; constitutional articles on Cameroon’s unity and territorial integrity and its democratic principles cannot be amended

Country name

conventional long form: Republic of Cameroon conventional short form: Cameroon local long form: République du Cameroun (French)/Republic of Cameroon (English) local short form: Cameroun/Cameroon former: Kamerun, French Cameroon, British Cameroon, Federal Republic of Cameroon, United Republic of Cameroon etymology: in the 16th century, Portuguese explorers named an estuary near the mouth of the Wouri River the Rio dos Camaroes (River of Prawns) after the abundant shrimp in the water; the name Camaroes evolved into "Cameroon"

International law organization participation

accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; non-party state to the ICCt

International organization participation

Judicial branch

highest court(s): Supreme Court of Cameroon (consists of 9 titular and 6 surrogate judges and organized into judicial, administrative, and audit chambers); Constitutional Council (consists of 11 members) judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges appointed by the president with the advice of the Higher Judicial Council of Cameroon, a body chaired by the president and includes the minister of justice, selected magistrates, and representatives of the National Assembly; judge term NA; Constitutional Council members appointed by the president for renewable 6-year terms subordinate courts: Parliamentary Court of Justice (jurisdiction limited to cases involving the president and prime minister); appellate and first instance courts; circuit and magistrates' courts

Legal system

mixed system of English common law, French civil law, and customary law

National heritage

total World Heritage Sites: 3 (two natural and one cultural) selected World Heritage Site locales: Dja Faunal Reserve (n); Sangha Trinational Forest (n); Diy-Gid-Biy Cultural Landscape of the Mandara Mountains (c)

Political parties

Alliance for Democracy and Development Cameroon People's Democratic Movement or CPDM Cameroon People's Party or CPP Cameroon Renaissance Movement or MRC Cameroonian Democratic Union or UDC Cameroonian Party for National Reconciliation or PCRN Front for the National Salvation of Cameroon or FSNC Movement for the Defense of the Republic or MDR Movement for the Liberation and Development of Cameroon or MLDC National Union for Democracy and Progress or UNDP Progressive Movement or MP Social Democratic Front or SDF Union of Peoples of Cameroon or UPC Union of Socialist Movements

Suffrage

20 years of age; universal

Economic Overview

largest CEMAC economy with many natural resources; recent political instability and terrorism reducing economic output; systemic corruption; poor property rights enforcement; increasing poverty in northern regions

Size & Performance

Real GDP (PPP)
$143.264 billion
Latest available estimate (2024)
2023: $138.191 billion2022: $133.843 billion
Real GDP Growth
3.7% (2024 est.)
+3.7%
GDP Per Capita (PPP)
$4,900
2023: $4,9002022: $4,800

GDP Sector Breakdown

Agriculture: 17.4%Industry: 25.6%Services: 49.9%
Origin GDP %
Agriculture 17.4%
Industry 25.6%
Services 49.9%

Trade Balance

Trade Position
Trade Deficit
$1.94 billion
Total Exports
$8.353 billion (2023 est.)
Total Imports
$10.294 billion (2023 est.)
Exports (45%) Imports (55%)

Budget Balance

Budget Position
Budget Deficit
-$1.24 billion
Revenues
$6.385 billion (2021 est.)
Expenditures
$7.624 billion (2021 est.)
Revenues (46%) Expenditures (54%)

Export Profile

Top Export Partners

Note: 2023; top five export partners based on percentage share of exports

Major Export Commodities

crude petroleumnatural gasgoldcocoa beanswood

Import Profile

Top Import Partners

43.0%
6.0%
4.0%
Note: 2023; top five import partners based on percentage share of imports

Major Import Commodities

garmentsrefined petroleumplastic productswheatrice

Labor & Employment

Total Labor Force 11.119 million (2024 est.)
General Unemployment Rate 3.6%
Youth Unemployment (Ages 15-24) 6.2%

Income Inequality

Gini Coefficient (Family Income) 42.2
0 (Perfect Equality) High Inequality 100 (Perfect Inequality)

Family Income / Consumption Share

Lowest 10%: 2.1% (2021 est.) Highest 10%: 31.1% (2021 est.)
Inequality Gap: Top 10% holds 14.8x the share of the bottom 10%.

Detailed Economic Data

Agricultural products

cassavaplantainsoil palm fruitmaizetarotomatoessorghumsugarcanebananasvegetables

Current account balance

-$2.019 billion (2023 est.) -$1.505 billion (2022 est.) -$1.794 billion (2021 est.) note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars

Debt - external

$11.112 billion (2023 est.) note: present value of external debt in current US dollars

Exchange rates

Cooperation Financiere en Afrique Centrale francs (XAF) per US dollar - Exchange rates: 606.345 (2024 est.) 606.57 (2023 est.) 623.76 (2022 est.) 554.531 (2021 est.) 575.586 (2020 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use

Industrial production growth rate

1.9% (2024 est.) note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency

Industries

petroleum production and refiningaluminum productionfood processinglight consumer goodstextileslumbership repair

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

4.5% (2024 est.) 7.4% (2023 est.) 6.2% (2022 est.) note: annual % change based on consumer prices

Remittances

1.6% of GDP (2023 est.) 1.3% of GDP (2022 est.) 1% of GDP (2021 est.) note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

$4.882 billion (2023 est.) $5.133 billion (2022 est.) $4.3 billion (2021 est.) note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars

Taxes and other revenues

11.3% (of GDP) (2021 est.) note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP

Grid Infrastructure

Electricity Access 71%
Urban: 94% Rural: 25%
Capacity 1.798 million kW (2023 est.)
Consumption 6.161 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Imports 60 million kWh (2023 est.)
Grid Losses: 2.238 billion kWh (2023 est.)

Generation Mix

Percentage Share of Production
hydroelectricity 63.1%
fossil fuels 36.1%
biomass and waste 0.5%
solar 0.3%

Fossil Fuels Production

Petroleum
Production 64,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
Consumption 41,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
Proven Reserves 200 million barrels (2021 est.)
Natural Gas
Production 2.356 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
Consumption 534.691 million cubic meters (2023 est.)
Exports 1.821 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
Proven Reserves 135.071 billion cubic meters (2021 est.)
Coal
Imports 300 metric tons (2023 est.)

Intensity & Nuclear

Energy Consumption Per Capita 4.271 million Btu/person (2023 est.)
No nuclear energy infrastructure or reactor operations reported in this country dossier.

Digital Access

.cm
Internet Usage 42%

Active internet users as a percentage of the total population.

Fixed Broadband

Penetration Rate 2 / 100
Total Subscriptions 603,000 (2022 est.)

Mobile Cellular

Penetration Rate 108 / 100
Total Subscriptions 31.5 million (2024 est.)

Broadcast Media

government maintains tight control over broadcast media; state-owned Cameroon Radio Television (CRTV), with both TV and radio broadcasts, was the only officially recognized and fully licensed broadcaster until 2007, when the government issued licenses to 2 private TV broadcasters and 1 private radio broadcaster; about 70 privately owned, unlicensed radio stations operate under “administrative tolerance,” meaning the stations could be subject to closure at any time (2023)

Aviation

TJ
Airports
37
As of 2025
Heliports
1
As of 2025

Railways

Total Track Length
987 km
National Network Data from 2014

Ports & Harbors

Ports Count 7
Hover for breakdown & key ports As of 2024

Merchant Marine

Commercial Fleet
198 ships
Hover for vessel types breakdown As of 2023

Military Expenditures

GDP Allocation 1%
1% of GDP (2024 est.) 1% of GDP (2023 est.) 1% of GDP (2022 est.) 1% of GDP (2021 est.) 1% of GDP (2020 est.)

Active Duty Strengths

estimated 40-50,000 active FAC, including the Gendarmerie (2025)

Refers to active military personnel.

Service & Defense Details

Military and security forces

Cameroon Armed Forces (Forces Armees Camerounaises, FAC): Army, Cameroon Navy (includes naval infantry or fusiliers marin), Air Force, National Gendarmerie, National Firefighting Corps General Delegation for National Security (Délégation Générale à la Sûreté Nationale or DGSN): Cameroon Police (2025) note 1: the Army includes the Rapid Intervention Brigade (Brigade d’Intervention Rapide or BIR), which maintains its own command and control structure and reports directly to the Chief of Defense staff and the Presidency; the BIR includes airborne/airmobile, amphibious, armored reconnaissance, artillery, and counterterrorism forces, as well as support elements, such as intelligence note 2: the Cameroon Police and the National Gendarmerie are responsible for internal security; the Gendarmerie conducts administrative, criminal, and military investigative functions; other missions include customs, air and maritime surveillance, and road traffic control; in times of conflict, it participates in internal defense

Military deployments

750 (plus about 400 police) Central African Republic (MINUSCA) (2025) note: Cameroon has committed approximately 2,000-2,500 troops to the Multinational Joint Task Force (MNJTF) against Boko Haram and other terrorist groups operating in the general area of the Lake Chad Basin and along Nigeria's northeast border; national MNJTF troop contingents are deployed within their own country territories, although cross‐border operations occur occasionally

Military equipment inventories and acquisitions

the FAC inventory is comprised of armaments from a variety of countries, including China, Israel, Russia/former Soviet Union, South Africa, the US, and some Western European countries, particularly France (2025)

Military - note

the Cameroon Armed Forces (FAC) are responsible for defending the country's territorial integrity, providing humanitarian assistance, supporting regional peacekeeping operations, and contributing to internal security; key areas of focus are the threat from the terrorist groups Boko Haram and ISIS-West Africa along its frontiers with Nigeria and Chad (Far North region) and, since 2016, an insurgency from armed Anglophone separatist groups in the North-West and South-West regions; in addition, the FAC often deploys ground units to the border region with the Central African Republic to counter intrusions from armed militias and bandits; the Navy’s missions include protecting Cameroon’s oil installations, combating crime and piracy in the Gulf of Guinea, and patrolling the country’s lakes and rivers; the FAC's small Air Force supports both the ground and naval forces (2025)

Military service age and obligation

18-23 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women (18-28 for medical services); no conscription; service obligation 4 years (2025)